Alta potencia ultrasonido puede tener diferentes efectos sobre el proceso (a veces incluso no efectos útiles), so es importante para entender los posibles efectos y sus causas. Estas son las principales (posibles) impactos:
Alta energía mecánica vibración puede ser fácilmente convertida en calor a través de interfaz fricción entre diferentes componentes o amortiguación dentro del material (interno fricción). Este efecto es utilizado en soldadura, donde la soldadura eficiencia de plásticos y metales es alta porque el calor es generado exactamente donde es necesario - en la superficie para estar conectado. Esto impacto puede también ser a limitación - lo que estamos hablando de es el poder pérdida causado por la conversión de energía en calor dentro y en la interfaz entre transductores, boosters, y generadores ultrasónicos.
Cavitación
Whenever the environmental pressure decreases, the boiling point of the liquid also decreases. If the pressure drops enough, the liquid will begin to boil without heating (because the boiling point drops below room temperature). When this situation occurs within a small range, small bubbles are formed due to local pressure reduction - this is called cavitation. It may occur in liquids subjected to ultrasonic vibration or in low-pressure areas generated by other movements (such as ship propellers). Most of the effects are not caused by the formation of steam bubbles, but by their destruction. The low-pressure area is highly localized and constantly changing (for ultrasonic standing waves, the time between the lowest and highest pressures is usually 10 to 25 microseconds). Bubbles can only exist when the pressure is low - they are very unstable when the pressure is high, so they will collapse violently, instantly generating huge temperature and pressure. Of course, the collapse of each bubble occurs within a very small volume at the microscopic level, but under a strong and uniform ultrasonic field, millions of bubbles in the entire liquid will form and break down thousands of times per second, thus affecting the overall characteristics of the liquid. This effect has been utilized in sonochemistry and ultrasonic cleaning. Millions of uniform ultrasonic fields in the entire liquid will form and break thousands of times per second, so they can affect the overall characteristics of the liquid. This effect has been utilized in sonochemistry and ultrasonic cleaning. Millions of uniform ultrasonic fields in the entire liquid will form and break thousands of times per second, so they can affect the overall characteristics of the liquid. This effect has been utilized in sonochemistry and ultrasonic cleaning.
